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Prefrontal cortex : from synaptic plasticity to cognition
Author:
ISBN: 128014825X 9781402079494 9786610148257 1402079494 1402077661 Year: 2004 Publisher: New York, New York : Kluwer Academic Publishers,

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Abstract

This volume, Prefrontal Cortex: from Synaptic Plasticity to Cognition, is an interdisciplinary approach to characterize the function of the anterior portion of the frontal lobe in rodents and human and non-human primates. The specific topics discussed in the chapters of this volume are purposefully diverse: they range from membrane properties of prefrontal neurons to cognitive psychology. Nevertheless, this volume must not be regarded as a mere collection of writings with the different sub-themes. As you will see, chapters often vigorously encompass domains of the prefrontal field in effort to provide a big picture. That is actually what we attempted to do in this volume. On one hand, we have accumulated knowledge on the properties of neurons and synapses in the prefrontal cortex as well as the actions of critical neuromodulators such as dopamine. On the other hand, behavioral and cognitive neurosciences have begun to reveal the fascinating role of the prefrontal cortex in such mental processes as working memory, attention switching and rule following, and long-term memory. Needless to say, our ultimate goal as neurobiologists is to know what relationship there is between these cellular and cognitive processes. This volume is meant to serve as a comprehensive introduction towards that goal. Readers will be informed, for example, of how plasticity of prefrontal neurons is regulated, how it is involved in certain cognitive processes in rodents, and how the rodent models can apply to the primates.


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L'ordre public et le droit patrimonial de la famille : contribution à la distinction entre l'ordre public et l'impérativité en droit privé français
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9782856233849 2856233848 Year: 2020 Volume: 64 Publisher: Paris : Defrénois : Lextenso,

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À rebours d'une croyance solidement installée, il n'existe peut-être pas d'ordre public inhérent au droit patrimonial de la famille. L'ordre public est une notion juridique singulière, à distinguer d'autres limites à la liberté contractuelle : les bonnes moeurs, les droits fondamentaux et, en particulier, les lois impératives. Si toutes les lois d'ordre public sont impératives, la réciproque n'est sans doute pas vérifiable : toutes les lois impératives ne sont pas nécessairement d'ordre public. Bien qu'il se dérobe depuis toujours à l'exercice d'une définition, l'ordre public est par nature attaché à la sauvegarde de l'intérêt général. À ce titre, il est proscrit d'y renoncer par anticipation et sa violation demeure fermement sanctionnée. Dans sa mise en oeuvre judiciaire, le ministère public dispose d'une action pour poursuivre toute atteinte à l'ordre public et le juge a le pouvoir - sinon le devoir - de soulever d'office ce moyen. En l'absence de ces caractéristiques traditionnelles (qui sont autant d'éléments de définition), il devient téméraire de retenir la présence d'un ordre public. Aucun de ces traits n'étant identifiable en droit patrimonial de la famille, l'idée selon laquelle il existerait un « ordre public patrimonial » (parfois qualifié de « matrimonial » ou de « successoral ») mérite d'être repoussée. Les règles qui s'affirment ici de façon péremptoire sont des règles simplement impératives, qui ne participent pas à la mise en oeuvre d'un ordre public. Cette distinction n'est pas que théorique, ni même sémantique : elle emporte aussi (et surtout) d'importantes conséquences pratiques. Ce faisant, la thèse défendue permet de renouer avec les évolutions récentes observables en la matière (contractualisation, déjudiciarisation, subjectivisation, fondamentalisation…), tout en permettant de mieux comprendre les transformations qui affectent la société et la famille. Plus généralement, elle contribue à repenser les rapports entre la liberté individuelle et la règle de droit, en montrant qu'il peut exister en droit privé des règles qui - bien qu'impératives - ne procèdent pas de la réalisation d'un ordre public


Book
Deforestation in the Teknaf Peninsula of Bangladesh : A Study of Political Ecology
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9811054754 9811054746 Year: 2018 Publisher: Singapore : Springer Singapore : Imprint: Springer,

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This book presents a political ecology study on deforestation in the Teknaf Peninsula of Bangladesh. The study’s aim was to elucidate social factors contributing to processes of deforestation, including poverty, migration of refugees, forest encroachment, and power relations entailed in forest management. The individual analyses presented in the book are entirely based on primary information obtained through original field work conducted over a period of 7 years, and on remote sensing using satellite imagery and GIS techniques. The second half of the book considers reforestation approaches such as social and homestead forestry that have wider applications within developing countries.


Book
From Animals to Animats 10 : 10th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, SAB 2008, Osaka, Japan, July 7-12, 2008, Proceedings
Authors: --- --- --- ---
ISBN: 3540691340 3540691332 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer,

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, SAB 2008, held in Osaka, Japan in July 2008. The 30 revised full papers and 21 revised poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 110 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on the animat approach to adaptive behaviour, evolution, navigation and internal world models, perception and control, learning and adaptation, cognition, emotion and behaviour, collective and social behaviours, adaptive behaviour in language and communication, and applied adaptive behaviour.

Keywords

Animal behavior --- Animals --- Artificial intelligence --- Robotics --- Simulation methods --- Adaptation --- Biological applications --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Animals, Habits and behavior of --- Behavior, Animal --- Ethology --- Animal psychology --- Zoology --- Ethologists --- Psychology, Comparative --- Behavior --- Information Technology --- Artificial Intelligence --- Animal behavior. --- Information theory. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computer simulation. --- Computer science. --- Social sciences --- Behavioral Sciences. --- Theory of Computation. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Computation by Abstract Devices. --- Computer Appl. in Social and Behavioral Sciences. --- Data processing. --- Informatics --- Science --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Model-integrated computing --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Behavioral sciences. --- Computers. --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Calculators --- Cyberspace


Book
Società delle tecnologie esponenziali e General Data Protection Regulation : Profili critici nella protezione dei dati
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 8855260057 8867058789 Year: 2019 Publisher: Milano : Ledizioni,

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Abstract

Questo volume nasce con l’intento di analizzare, in una prospettiva critica, il Regolamento Generale sulla Protezione dei Dati (RGPD o GDPR nel suo acronimo inglese) che ha novellato l’intera disciplina in Europa sul trattamento dei dati personali. Un regolamento che, secondo alcuni, è già vecchio o che, nella migliore delle ipotesi, pone ulteriori problematiche connesse alle fasi della crescente innovazione tecnologica. Travolti da uno tsunami inarrestabile dei Big Data, il regolamento risponde fissando principi di minimizzazione del trattamento. Ma sarà la scelta giusta? Ed è giusto adottare un regolamento sul trattamento dei dati che non si compenetra perfettamente con altre normative relative alle comunicazioni digitali e al commercio elettronico? Il volume analizza questi aspetti, considerando il panorama tecnologico attuale e ponendo interrogativi in relazione alla difficile applicazione delle norme volte alla tutela dei dati personali.


Book
Les rythmes de production du droit
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 2379280444 2361701332 Year: 2018 Publisher: Toulouse : Presses de l’Université Toulouse Capitole,

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Inflation législative, fréquence des revirements de jurisprudence, accélération de la production normative tous azimuts... La pérennité de la norme a visiblement perdu de son importance ; et avec elle une certaine conception de la sécurité juridique. L’évolution permanente des faits, des mœurs, des données scientifiques oblige le droit à un renouvellement qui interroge sur sa fonction même. Plus que jamais, l’hésitation est permise entre l’être et le devoir être, entre un “droit suiveur” et un “droit modèle”.


Book
Tant qu’on a la santé : Les déterminants socio-économiques et culturels de la santé dans les relations sociales entre les femmes et les hommes

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Comment et dans quelles conditions les rapports sociaux entre hommes et femmes influencent-ils la capacité des gens à prendre soin quotidiennement de leur vie et de leur santé ? Comment la prise en compte des rapports de genre permet-elle une autre lecture des déterminants de la santé ? Si on admet que les rapports sociaux entre hommes et femmes transforment les facteurs déterminants de la santé, quels sont les changements à apporter dans nos pratiques et dans celles des intéressés, tant dans la formulation des politiques de santé que dans la mise en œuvre de projets ? Ce sont ces questionnements et des débuts d’expériences qui sont partagés dans cet ouvrage.

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